Possibly the family came from Charlton, Kent.
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Michael Andrews-Reading had found this excellent set of information:

From: mjcar@btinternet.com
Newsgroups: soc.genealogy.medieval
Subject: Re: Early Charltons of Middlesex
Date: 21 Feb 2007 22:29:39 -0800

On Feb 22, 5:16 pm, m...@btinternet.com wrote:
> On Feb 21, 9:28 pm, m...@btinternet.com wrote:
>
> > It would appear that the early pedigree of the Charlton family of
> > Middlesex runs thus:
>
> > 1. John Charlton, merchant of London; acquired the manor of Ickenham,
> > Middx, 1334, the manor of Southall in Norwood, 1336, and the manors of
> > Cowley Hall and Hillingdon by 1348 (VCH Herts); acquired the manor of
> > Brocton, Bucks, by 1337 (VCH Bucks sub Grove); living 26-27 Edward III
> > when as John Charlton the elder he and his wife Olive were parties to
> > fines concerning the remainders to property at Ickenham, Hillingdon,
> > Cowley etc (London & Middlesex Feet of Fine);
>
> We can be fairly safe in placing this John as the son of John de
> Charlton, Mayor of the Staple in the early 1320s, MP for London in
> 1319 and mercer & citizen of London, who probably began the family's
> property purchases in Middlesex.  This first John was a benefactor of
> Greyfriars Church in London, and the History of Blackfriars notes
> (without giving its rationale or reference) that he was married by
> 1309.  Burke's Landed Gentry, sub Charlton of Chilwell, echoes this,
> stating that Thomas Charlton who married Alice Frowyk was the
> successor to three generations named John; it is suggested that the
> family derived their name from Charlton in Kent, given their interests
> in the neighbourhood of Woolwich (vide infra)
>
> > married Olive.  Issue:
>
> > 2. John Charlton, acquired Swakeleys manor at Ickenham, 1350;
> > probably the one of that name who received the property at Hayes and
> > Harrow, 28 Edward III, as the kinsman and heir of Thomas le Frenssh;
>
> We can also add the name of this third John's wife: Matilda, listed
> along with her husband in the reversion of the manor of Burston in St
> Stephen's, Hertfordshire (VCH Herts Vol 2), dated 1333.
>
> > issue:
>
> > 3. Thomas Charlton, died 1410
>
> He was a party to a quitclaim in favour of Nicholas de Lovayne in
> respect of the manor of Woolwich in 1374-5, according to VCH Kent.
> The following PRO document (E210/9492) is suggestive:
>
> Edward III: Giles de Bello Campo and Katherine his wife to John de
> Bello Campo and Joan daughter of John de Cherleton the younger: grant
> of the manor of Al... and lands and rent at East Wickham, Bexley,
> Plumstead and Woolwich, Kent. [This must be no later than 1361, when
> Giles died.]
>
> Perhaps it represents a marriage contract between Joan, daughter of
> John Charlton III and John, son of Giles Beauchamp?  We know John B
> married elsewhere, so perhaps Joan died before the marriage took
> place, or shortly afterwards without issue, hence the desirability of
> Thomas's quitclaim (or possibly he became a feoffee for uses in
> respect of the properties).
>
> MA-R

I see from searching the archives that this has been covered before,
and that Joan has been identified as a daughter of the (unrelated)
Charltons of Apsley etc; if this is the case, then Burke's has erred
in identifying Thomas Charlton of the Woolwich quitclaim with the
Middlesex landwoner of that name - which would not be the first time
the two families have been confused.  Given the likelihood that Joan
belongs to another family, I withdraw my proposals to include her in
the Middlesex C's pedigree.

MA-R
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